DIY Solar Panels

posted Sep 8th 2009 5:52pm by
filed under: green hacks, home hacks, solar hacks

solar

Reader [unangst] pointed out to us an article in the U.K.’s Daily Mail, where a teenager from Nepal had managed to create a 9v, 18W solar panel using human hair rather than the usual semiconductors (usually crystalline-silicon). The complex silicon in solar panels are what keep the prices out of reach of developing nations, and while there are a number of new technologies that are helping  bring down the cost, [Karki] managed to make his solar panel for only £23 (roughly $38). He also claims that when mass produced the price could drop substantially down to under $10 a panel, which would shatter the $1/watt sweet spot.

The melanin in hair acts as an organic-semiconductor, and while the hair does not have the longevity that silicon panels have (months rather than years), these panels can be made cheaply and serviced with little to no complex knowledge. Using melanin as an organic semiconductor seems to be a newer idea, because information seems hard to come by, but we managed to find a research paper from 2007 that explored the energy absorption attributes of melanin, as well as some good background info for the science types.

Research Paper (Warning: PDF)

So, Hack a Day readers, which one of you is going to make your home-brew solar panels first? Let us know when you do.

Thanks [unangst].



73 Responses to DIY Solar Panels

  • TheFish says:

    WOW! COOL!, anyone need a hair cut? i could use some extra solar panels. :P

  • giskard says:

    seriously? we’re falling for this? If we leave aside the issue of there being no actual explanation of how this works, the surface area of the hair in this system is so small that the amount of solar energy falling on that area would be tiny, and it would be impossible to produce the amount of power they’re claiming

  • Ben Ryves says:

    I really wouldn’t trust the Daily Heil on anything, least of all technical matters. I’ll remain sceptical for the moment. ;-)

  • roy says:

    i dont think they mean the person uses hair as the actual semi conductor but rather the melanin in the hair so his panel isn’t made of hair but of the melanin and the news people were just trying to compare it to somthing

  • Hirudinea says:

    Finally a good use for pubes!

  • Sijesh says:

    If melanin is responsible for the photo electric conversion, then people with dark hair will be in huge demand.lol

  • Spindizzy says:

    I admit, it’s got me a bit suspicious, the Daily Mail is not one of the best papers in the UK; not as low as an outright tabloid, but nothing like The Guardian.

    The paper that hackaday found supports the theory. Unfortunately, precedings.nature.com is a PRE-publication site, there are no comments, and only four votes for the paper, so it hasn’t been seriously reviewed.

  • WestfW says:

    Not possible given the size of the panel and “density” of hair as shown in the photographs. The actual surface area of hair receiving illumination would not provide 18W even at 100% conversion efficiency. Joke, or Scam… (Sigh.)

  • Zymastorik says:

    After taking a gander at the source, this screams bologna to me. Just my two cents.

  • Vik Olliver says:

    While melanin may have important applications in photochemistry, what these guys are doing is pretty fake. As someone has pointed out, the surface area of the hair is insufficient to produce the power output claimed – particularly as the background is black and will not reflect light back onto the hair.

    Secondly, hair is a pretty darned good insulator. Try it with your multimeter if you don’t believe me. gotta call “bullshit” on this one.

  • sean says:

    if this is true, this would be amazing, but I have my doubts to it’s legitimacy.

  • paul says:

    very cool stuff, I also have some doubts but very cool if true

  • napalm says:

    Wohoo! Hack readers are calling bullshit left and right! Looks like the BS meter hasn’t run out of juice!

  • napalm says:

    Sorry, I ment to say “Our crack team of hack readers…”

  • spacecoyote says:

    “our hack team of crack readers” has a nice ring to it.

  • Tom Allen says:

    What’s the efficiency? 0%?
    Fail

  • Mastro Gippo says:

    “our hack team of crack smokers” sounds cool too.

  • xrazorwirex says:

    “our crack team of crack crackers”

  • kyle says:

    Our caps team of CAPSLOCKERS?

  • Karl says:

    Note in the artical that two dissimilar metals – copper and aluminum:

    “We proceeded to test the photo electrochemical properties of melanin by
    manufacturing a prototype cell (figure 2). We started with a very simple cell were
    the electrolyte was a 1.3% solution of melanin in distilled water, cooper and
    aluminum electrodes 2.5 cm apart, cooper wires (covered with silicon) where
    attach to the electrodes by glued them down, we noticed that any kind of
    welding affected the melanin’s behavior. The cell started to give up electricity
    just a few minutes after being ensemble.
    and that the output declined after a few hours”
    – sounds more like a battery to me…

  • Dan Green says:

    cool, now i can charge my ipod with my dreadlocks

  • Wonko The Sane says:

    Possible, energy is max 1000w per sq meter, by looking at the pictures in the article, the hair is used to colour the back panel, the lumps and what seem to be hairs are the front connection wires and not collection devices…

  • Climatebabes says:

    The 1 USD/Watt goal is a bogus goal. Coal fired power plants cost 1,78 USD/Watt!! Just get yourself cheap power and break through the industry stronghold

    http://tinyurl.com/m5e25n

  • Climatebabes says:

    Here is a publication about melanin contributing to photoelectric generation http://tinyurl.com/mkvcwz

  • Kevin says:

    it looks like a fake story, like the indian dude who pretended to be able to print several gigabytes of information on a regular sheet of paper… http://arstechnica.com/hardware/news/2006/11/8288.ars hahaahah

  • Moog says:

    This is a hoax and a very obvious one at that. I’m pretty disappointed at Hack A Day for letting this one through.

  • Hackius says:

    Kevin: The ars tehnica article is pretty bad contradicting itself several times and messing up GB and MB. I wouldn’t trust it anymore than the original research.

    This “sounds” fake but I think they’re using hair as a cable only and everybody is just misunderstanding

  • strider_mt2k says:

    Gimme lots of hair (hair) photovoltaic hair! (hair)

    Selling power back to the grid through the wonder of my
    hair
    hair
    hair

    -or not, as the case may be.

  • faelenor says:

    So, they create energy from thin hair?

  • strider_mt2k says:

    I’m looking for a power conditioner that doesn’t cause oily buildup like so many others do…

    -something that leaves my photovotaic array feeling silky and manageable.

  • After this, I can’t take a bath immerging my hair in water, cause there is seriously risk of electrical shock !

  • WestfW says:

    I’m not denying that organic solar cells work, or even that they might use melanin as the active dye, but there is also the fact that the panel shown looks to be about the same size as an 18W silicon panel (which is a pretty substantial size), even though “state of the art” organic cells are still far below silicon in efficiency. (there main point of interest is vastly cheaper manufacturing.) Organic melanin-based solar cells? Maybe. 18W from an amateur-constructed panel of the size shown? No way.

  • Hairy solar panels and sweet spots? Sounds like porno solar. It should sell well above $1/Watt!

  • Craig says:

    Now we just need a battery bank made out of tofu to make this practical…

  • Toolboy says:

    Seriously hackaday, get a grip. Even is this weren’t bunk, your story is riddled with problems — $1/W has already been broken, longevity is one of THE major factors in the cost structure of cells, and developing nations are one of the major benefactors of the solar industry since they can largely bypass the need to scale an electrical infrastructure based on centralized production. Boo.

  • Roman D says:

    I just wanted to comment on the “comment” about the surface area. I don’t know if you guys know but I did read an article where the researches ware using a “fuzzy” matterial that resulted in greater efficiency^2 … however I’d like to have a panel that didn’t need an haircut every few weeks, I forget to cut my already and I don’t need anther excuse for the home owner association to bug me with. “Sir would you please give your roof pannels a trim” …

    … passer by “get your house a haircut hipie!”

  • Patrick says:

    Needs more arduino.

    Hairy Arduino…I think he owns a pizza place down the street.

  • Frank says:

    lol strider_mt2k! You made me ROFL! :)

  • threepointone says:

    The nature link is complete bs. PDFs on nature precedings are not peer-reviewed at all–they likely did this to make themselves look legitmate. I’m pretty sure they measured something wrong.

  • Mike says:

    O.K. Here is a stupid question. Can anyone tell me why the ‘scope’ display in the pdf figure is showing an AC waveform? Shouldn’t the output from a ‘solar cell’ be DC.

    Also, the LED has been lit for 10,000 hours? Thats over a year of contiuous operation – so they had this working a year ago and are now just publishing this paper.

    If this is legit then it is very interesting. However, I have serious doubts after reading the paper.

    I actually thought for a moment to see if it was April fool day – just a few months off.

  • Leigh says:

    Read about this ages ago.
    http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2005/12/20/184393.html
    My house is surrounded by trees. I think I could get a buzz out of using all the trees to power my house :)

  • Dan Fruzzetti says:

    no, no, no… nobody’s going to be homebrewing this. this will only matter if someone figures out they have to first invest in some cheap easy-to-set-up permanent infrastructure, so they can change out the very-mass-produced panels every month or whatever… and they have to arrive via a bunch of shipping just-in-time because nobody’s going to want to sit on them while they race toward expiry… or they have to be preservable while stored somehow at the very least… i need to know more about it before i can consider it even partially hopeful anywhere.

  • I built my own Solar Panels for under $100 that I am currently using to power my 1700SF home using the plans at:

    Ambigrid Review

  • Anonymous says:

    @ambigrid review: This student is making a solar *cell* not a solar panel. The student’s technology is based on cuprous oxide which provides about 0.25V at 50uA per 0.01 square meter. To generate 9V at 18W this student’s solar panel would need to be 120m x 120m square. I assume that you mean you assembled a solar panel from silicon cells, correct? If not silicon, what technology is used in the cells?

  • Anonymous says:

    @Dan Fruzzetti: I agree. Maintenance is going to be an issue for a cell made from human hair. As described in an online article [ http://www.southasianmedia.net/cnn.cfm?id=592678&category=Science&Technology&Country=NEPAL ] this is a *wet* cell, meaning the hair has to be saturated with a salt water solution to work. I am not sure what it will happen if you keep a mass of hair wet for a month or two, but I am guessing it won’t be pretty. So it’s not just a matter of swapping out the hair, the hair has to be kept wet for the cell to work. I’d be interested in having as many expert eyeballs as possible go over my debunking site, so if you have time, please take a look: http://sites.google.com/site/edwardcraighyatt/hairsolarpanelnepal

  • I used the Ambigrid Plans to build a solar pales for under $100, as well as a solar water heater for less than $10! I can’t say enough good things about them!

  • Anonymous says:

    @Ambigrid: Thanks for the advertising spam, but I asked about the *technology* used in the solar panels you made. Do the solar panels use silicon solar cells? Yes or no.

  • I used the Ambigrid Plans to build a solar pales for under $100, as well as a solar water heater for less than $10! I can’t say enough good things about them!

  • Max_lan says:

    Who says the panel in the photo is the whole thing? It could be that panle only generates .05 watts and they’ve got hundreds of em. Somewhere I read that they buy hair for 16p/KG. So if only a fraction of the 23quid goes on hair, that’s a heck of a lot of hair and probably a huge panel.

  • Anonymous says:

    Max,
    That’s a reasonable question, except that elsewhere on the web there’s video of the team lighting devices that would require more than 0.05W, and there’s a photo of 1 panel providing about 9VDC and, apparently, lighting a fluorescent light via an upconverter, and there are articles claiming the students built a panel (just one is mentioned) capable of charging a cellphone. Also, by my calculations, a panel or bank of panels built with this technology would require 14,400 square meters or a square 120 meters on a side. Furthermore, according to quotes in other articles, the teens say that the hair has to kept saturated with salt water to work. So that means, somebody would need to keep a huge bank of panels wet all day long, as I imagine they would dry out fast. Then, there’s the matter of the hair which, after all, is just protein decomposing in the wet environment. Maybe what you say is true or maybe somwthing was lost in the translation. The author of the Daily Mail piece says she just “saw the panel working”. She didn’t really examine it and, based on the article, doesn’t understand the science behind it at all. When somebody from a university sees it or they publish a paper/patent explaining their technology we’ll know for sure. Based on what’s been made public, it’s virtually certain that the students haven’t made a working solar panel from human hair.

  • I used the Ambigrid Plans to build a solar pales for under $100, as well as a solar water heater for less than $10! I can’t say enough good things about them!

  • bwmetz says:

    I too figured BS but figured, hey why not test. Took five minutes to grab hair samples from the fam…running the gambit from blonde/grey to dark brown. Needless to say the voltages measured were inconsistent and very, very low: 6mV to -8mV, when exposed to a 23W CFL…much more than the 6V tube light in the Daily Mail article. FWIW, lighter colored hair (less melamine) registered voltage at longer lengths than darker hair (more melamine). I think this is am important observation seeing that the photo in the article shows dark hair and short segments between contacts.

    So, why were my readings so low? First thought was meter sensitivity/accuracy. I think hack-a-day had a post on this not too long back from the dude that does the oscilloscope reviews. So, I grabbed my cheapo meter to compare and sure enough, I registered 50 to 90mV using it (interestly no negative voltages this time). Interestingly, the dark hair did consistently register higher than the lighter colored samples.

    So, there may be something to this but I don’t have the equipment to test it correctly. I still doubt their results though based on the photos shown or of the ultimate practicality of it. The hair has to be wet? What about mineral content in the water or the hair itself? Is the hair cleaned before use? I can already hear the jokes about the village being downstream from the dump we send our e-waste to be “recycled”.

  • Anonymous says:

    “I too figured BS but figured, hey why not test.”

    I measured hair and got zero volts under full sunlight and exposed to a UV light source. I also got no conductivity. That is, hair is a perfect insulator.

    I suggest that you try different fibers other than hair such as synthetic fibers (rayon, nylon, etc.) plant fibers (cotton swabs, silk fabric), and sample different colors as a control. Also, try other multiple light sources.

    Please describe your setup exactly or post a photo of it. How much hair did you use? How were the electrodes arranged? What light source and how close was it to the sample? I have a picture and description of the setup I used on my website: http://sites.google.com/site/edwardcraighyatt/hairsolarpanelnepal

    If I you describe your experiment and I can successfully replicate it, I will post the results. However, I expect that you’ll find by using control samples is that you are seeing noise, not a real electric current.

  • Thanks for this article.grate post Thanks for the detailed explanation! I built my own Solar Panels for under $200 that I am currently using to power my 1800SF home using the plans at:

  • Anonymous says:

    I think that hackers have their own way of looking at the world. When I see “hair solar panel” my very first thought is “what makes it tick”? I immediately want to take the idea apart and find the mechanism behind it. It seems that sites promoting this story are just passing it on without asking fundamental questions. Same with the “tree electicity” business. I instantly think: What if you cut the tree down? Does it matter if the tree is standing or lying down? What if the tree is dead? What if you stick the electrodes in wet soil? What if you stick them in a fence post? What if you tape them to wet concrete? See what I mean? Instead of getting all excited about “trees generate electricity” my first question is “*how* do trees generate electricity”? In my mind, asking those kinds of analytical questions is the heart of science (and hacking).

  • I actually used the Ambigrid Plans to build a solar pales for under $100, as well as a solar water heater for less than $10! I can’t say enough good things about them!

  • Snapper says:

    That’s a pretty bad hair cut and the kerching $ signs on the eyes of the guy holding the lightbulb are a dead giveaway that this is fake.

  • WoW! now I thinking about should I call this technology “black energy” or even “blond energy” if you can use power source from Scarlet Johanson… lol

  • I actually used the Ambigrid Plans to build solar panels for under $100, as well as a solar water heater for less than $10! I can’t say enough good things about them!

  • I have to admit this is a very creative twist on the meaning of “renewable energy”. I would like to see some actual numbers on output and reliability before I got too excited.

    I think that true do it your self solar panels will be brought a step closer when solar panel manufacturers begin to integrate micro inverters into every panel. Doing so provides maximum power point tracking (MPPT) at each panel and eliminates string inverter design complexities.

    This makes it much easier for weekend warriors to get their hands dirty and complete a large portion of the install themselves. Granted you still need a qualified electrician to connect you to the grid but you can save a good deal on labor with this approach. For more information check out this article:

    http://www.ecodirect.com/DIY-Solar-Panels-s/250.htm

  • steve waugh says:

    Solar Panel Savings Measurement Tool – The website http://www.mysolar2020.com allows us to check how much will we actually save by installing solar panels on our roof. To calculate the savings, the website considers the square feet area currently available to install solar panels, available sunlight and its intensity in every state (of USA), in each month of the year, and the energy (kWh) we are currently consuming

  • I actually used the new Ambigrid Plans to build solar panels for under $100, as well as a solar water heater for less than $10! I can’t say enough good things about them!

  • For some reason, flagging this story as a hoax attracts red arrows, which is a shame.

    It is a hoax, of course. Hair is too efficient an insulator for this to work. Also, the surface area exposed to the sunlight isn’t anything like enough to generate power, even allowing for the questionable properties of melanin.

    If you were to climb into those photographs and dismantle the apparatus, you’d find a battery keeping the bulbs alight.

    Jeff Martin

  • Jason Benson says:

    Thanks for the great article. I’m bookmarking your site and will be back soon.

  • from this link above:http://sites.google.com/site/edwardcraighyatt/hairsolarpanelnepal

    “”However, test results and analysis of quotes from the inventor show this invention to be a hoax.”"

    this is posted al over the internet and results to be a fake. lol

  • It is a hoax, of course. Hair is too efficient an insulator for this to work. Also, the surface area exposed to the sunlight isn’t anything like enough to generate power, even allowing for the questionable properties of melanin.DIY solar panels are very useful in our lives thanks for the modern technology….Hmmm who invented the DIY SOLAR PANELS?

  • DIY Solar says:

    Wow, this really is a hoax? Huh, it got me all excited about how it would actually work.. Haha. Weird though.. but anyways.. I suppose we can always just get one of those DIY solar kits and get cranking on our own solar cell power! (That’s what I’m doing, at least..)

  • Cliff Ogle says:

    Thank you for your article. It makes a change to read an article that actually means something connected to solar power. I’ve got a similar website myself, so will keep popping back to see what else you’ve posted.

  • Don’t bother reading any of the DIY solar panel articles that spammers post here. Instead, read this site that debunks their nonsense: http://www.nlcpr.com/Deceptions6.php

    The debunking link describes how spammers actually get coached on posting innocent-looking stuff on blogs like “Wow! This is really a hoax! I am soooo disappointed. Guess I will have to build my own DIY solar panel!”. And of course there’s a link to the spammer’s website.

    You can pretty much assume any post with “DIY solar” or “build your own solar panels” is a scam. Given economies of scale and other factors, you are better off getting commercial panels than getting mixed up with these bozos.

  • Leave a Reply

    XHTML: You can use these tags: <a href="" title="" rel=""> <abbr title=""> <acronym title=""> <b> <blockquote cite=""> <cite> <code> <pre> <del datetime=""> <em> <i> <q cite=""> <strike> <strong>

    Hack a Day serves up fresh hacks each day, every day from around the web as well as hacking related news.

    Send us your hacks










         




    Hacks

    Resources