DIY 3D-Printed Arduino Self-Balancing Cube

Self-balancing devices present a unique blend of challenge and innovation. That’s how [mircemk]’s project caught our eye. While balancing cubes isn’t a new concept — Hackaday has published several over the years — [mircemk] didn’t fail to impress. This design features a 3D-printed cube that balances using reaction wheels. Utilizing gyroscopic sensors and accelerometers, the device adapts to shifts in weight, enabling it to maintain stability.

At its core, the project employs an Arduino Nano microcontroller and an MPU6050 gyroscope/accelerometer to ensure precise control. Adding nuts and bolts to the reaction wheels increases their weight, enhancing their impact on the cube’s balance. They don’t hold anything. They simply add weight. The construction involves multiple 3D printed components, each requiring several hours to produce, including the reaction wheels and various mount plates. After assembly, users can fine-tune the device via Bluetooth, allowing for a straightforward calibration process to set the balancing points.

If you want to see some earlier incarnations of this sort of thing, we covered other designs in 2010, 2013, and 2016. These always remind us of Stewart platforms, which are almost the same thing turned inside out.

16 thoughts on “DIY 3D-Printed Arduino Self-Balancing Cube

  1. a) If it is a reaction wheel, the additional bolt nuts are there to add polar mass moment of inertia, not to add weight. b) Stewart platforms are static positioning devices. This is a dynamic balancing device. Please clarify .

        1. “Adding nuts and bolts to the reaction wheels increases their weight, enhancing their impact on the cube’s balance.”

          Which part of this sentence is wrong? Where exactly is the description “flat out wrong”?

          While I agree that it’s all about the moment of inertia and not weight per se, adding weight does increase the moment of inertia, so there is no fault here.

  2. Why three wheels? There are only two degrees of freedom to control.
    The third degree of freedom (vertical axis, Z) isn’t controlled, as evidenced by the little spin they show in the video.
    Am I missing something? Why the complication of a third wheel? Or alternatively, why not control the Z rotation too?

    1. It’s presumably countering the gyroscopic precession of its own balancing movements. The spin they showed in the video was a result of an outside force, but it doesn’t spin when it’s balancing itself on a corner on an inclined plane.
      Also: probably to allow for future work as well, probably some form of rolling locomotion.

Leave a Reply

Please be kind and respectful to help make the comments section excellent. (Comment Policy)

This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed.