HamsterOS Crams Complete Graphical Desktop Onto 1.44 MB Floppy

June 29, 2026 by Donald Papp 26 Comments

It’s not every day that there’s a new OS in the works for 386 and 486-era hardware, but [John Swiderski] let us know he working hard to bring HamsterOS to retrocomputing enthusiasts everywhere.

HamsterOS targets a November 2026 release.

HamsterOS is a tiny but full-featured multitasking 32-bit graphical operating system that fits on a single 1.44 MB floppy disk. It’s designed as a floppy-first OS, but can easily be installed to a hard drive and includes a suite of native applications. There’s even DOS support!

The list of features is impressive, many of which are targeted at making life a little easier for those working with vintage hardware. One example we like is the CMOS crash counter, which automatically forces the system into a basic VGA safe mode after three consecutive failed boot attempts.

Speaking of making vintage computing a little easier to handle, [John] also released HamsterWeazle, a free GUI front-end for Greaseweazle, the open-source USB device that makes interfacing to old floppy drives easy. If you’re finding yourself intrigued by software like HamsterOS but wondering how you’d write to a 1.44 MB floppy without already having some old hardware up and running, Greaseweazle over USB — and HamsterWeazle to make it much more user-friendly — is one way you’d do it.

We recently featured GentleOS, a charming and streamlined graphical OS aimed at vintage hardware that makes a point of showing what’s possible when new ideas meet old hardware. If you have a retrocomputing project you want to show off, custom OS or otherwise, let us know on our tips line!

Reachy Mini Desktop Robot Gets All-local, Conversational AI

June 28, 2026 by Donald Papp 3 Comments

Reachy Mini is a limbless desktop robot from Hugging Face made for human interaction experiments, and to give you an idea of what it’s like is a guide on how to implement expressive, local conversational AI complete with head movements and antenna wiggles. It’s conversational in the sense that it aims to feel natural, with low-latency responses and the ability to interrupt, with everything running on local hardware if one so wishes.

Reachy Mini can use remote services, or work in tandem with a desktop machine or laptop.

The software stack is essentially VAD (voice activity detection) → STT (speech-to-text) → LLM (large language model) → TTS (text-to-speech) which allows users to tweak things to their liking, or independently swap or modify pieces as things evolve.

This also allows users to tailor the services to match whatever their hardware is capable of. For example, one could easily use a frontier AI model via remote API for the LLM while keeping everything else local.

The local models in the example configuration are effective and relatively modest (Qwen3-4B-Instruct for the LLM, and even smaller models for the rest) but it’s nice to have the option to offload parts to remote providers if necessary.

Reachy Mini looked very interesting when it was launched as a kit last year, and since then Hugging Face has built up an impressive software suite and infrastructure through which users can easily share their applications. If you’re curious, there’s a simulator for Reachy Mini which should give you an idea of what it can do.

Alan Turing’s Remarkable, Nearly-Forgotten Voice Encryption Device

June 26, 2026 by Donald Papp 13 Comments

[Popular Mechanics] has an interesting article about Alan Turing’s nearly-forgotten speech encryption device. Codenamed Delilah, it was in many ways an early form of digital encryption. It was secretly developed alongside his most famous wartime achievement of breaking the encryption used by the Nazis’ Enigma machine; itself a remarkable device we’ve covered in detail in the past.

Delilah was developed at a separate location, and Turing worked with a young electrical engineer by the name of Donald Bayley who not only helped Turing implement design concepts and theory as practical circuitry, but took copious notes of their work and discussions. His documents went up for auction in 2023, a few years after his death, and they reveal a first-hand account of their work.

SIGSALY (the name is not an acronym, by the way) was a working voice encryption system whose main drawbacks were its massive size, weight, and power requirements. [image: Wikipedia]

Back then, a vocal encryption system did exist. Bell Labs had developed SIGSALY, a seriously top-secret system that provided encrypted voice communications at the highest levels. But one of SIGSALY’s biggest drawbacks was that it was absolutely monstrous.

Delilah did the same job, but was portable and battery-powered. Delilah was three small boxes weighing around 39 kg, and it’s hard to overstate just how remarkable of a feat of miniaturization this was. However, by the time Delilah was wrapped up, the war was over and the project wound down without ever being produced or deployed in any meaningful way.

Encrypted communications is standard stuff today, but back then there was simply no need for a vocal encryption system in peacetime. The reason we know what we do today is thanks mainly to the effort Bayley put into documenting things. It’s yet another achievement by a man for whom life was far from being either easy or fair; Turing was prosecuted by his own government for “homosexual acts” and ultimately took his own life in the years following the war.

It again demonstrates that if the people involved don’t write things down while they know it, that knowledge can simply disappear. Sometimes people make the effort and the rest of us benefit, like with the Delilah project and also with the history of liquid rocket propellants — a dry-sounding topic that we assure you is anything but.

All The Different Lasers, And How Well They Mark 3D Prints

June 24, 2026 by Donald Papp 19 Comments

[Stefan] of CNC Kitchen has an informative video describing his experiences with trying to cleanly laser-mark 3D printed plastics using different methods, and it also happens to be a fantastic tour of all the different laser options available to hobbyists and workshops these days.

Laser marking is a fast and effective way to put things like product names, serial numbers, and other information on plastics. [Stefan] wondered whether laser options would be capable of creating clean and professional marks on 3D-printed items, and approached things with his usual attention to detail.

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Bike-Powered Shredder Makes Short Work Of 3D Printer Waste

June 16, 2026 by Donald Papp 17 Comments

[Brogan M Pratt] and his students do a lot of 3D printing, and as such found themselves producing a lot of plastic waste. Seeing an opportunity, they built a bike-powered plastic shredder that turns a little human exercise into the power needed to transform waste plastic into small bits. Shredding plastic is a necessary first step for any sort of processing, so getting this part working reliably is as important as it is educational.

Shredding is a necessary first step to processing plastic waste.

Being in the Netherlands, using a bike makes perfect sense. But it turns out there’s a lot more to making a human-powered plastic shredder than simply bolting a sprocket to a shredder, looping the bike chain over it, then climbing on and working up a sweat.

In between the bike and the shredder is a large gear reduction, a fifteen kilogram flywheel, and a heavy-duty frame to anchor everything in the face of so much mass and torque. Add some covers and safety guards and the result is a stationary bike with a hopper for waste, a bin for output, and enough rotational torque and inertia to chew through stubborn bits without stalling.

Now that the shredder works, what’s the plan for all the little plastic shreds? The goal is to turn it back into usable filament which is obviously very useful, but we’ve also seen that compression molding plastic waste can work pretty well, too.

Being an educator, [Brogan] makes it clear that a bike-powered shredder, while pretty cool, is not the only missing link in sustainability. There is currently no easy way to recycle plastic at scale. But the shredder is a critical part of demonstrating the whole process in a hands-on way, and learning why recycling plastic at scale is a genuinely difficult job.

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Ergonomic Mouse Gives Each Fingertip Its Own Saddle

June 15, 2026 by Donald Papp 5 Comments

Want to make your own ergonomic mouse but don’t know where to start? Why not try [psudoku]’s Kotinos design?

It’s a scaffold-like fingertip shell that uses the internals of an HSK Pro mouse. Each fingertip gets its own little saddle-shaped nook, and things like hand size and paddle surface can all be configured by modifying the OpenSCAD scripts.

[psudoku]’s unit looks to us as though it was maybe made using multi-jet fusion (MJF) 3D printing, but it should be perfectly printable on hobbyist printers, whether resin- or filament-based.

Comfort of the contact surfaces is left up to the end user, but if your print lacks smoothness and sanding isn’t your jam, you might consider a layer of fabric tape to create a velvet-like surface on a 3D print. That’s a trick we’ve kept in mind ever since seeing it put to good use, cushioning the hardware in a DIY steam deck case.

Is the minimalist scaffold approach to a mouse not your style, or does your hand crave something less lightweight but a little more personalized? You might want to craft a truly custom-fitted mouse, for which clay is the way.

Downloadable Xbox Thumbstick Toppers Give Gamers Accessibility Options

June 15, 2026 by Donald Papp No comments

Microsoft has a history of taking accessibility options seriously for gaming controllers, and that trend continues with downloadable thumbstick toppers for Xbox controllers. Being straight from the source, the 3D models should fit as well as can be expected with a minimum of fiddling. Just make sure you select the right controller model, because they are each subtly different.

The toppers themselves come in different styles, and there’s a design to fit a variety of needs, from a thumb cradle to ones intended for more serious adaptations — the perforated X-shaped topper, for instance, is meant to anchor a custom shape molded overtop it.

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