Medical Hacks

713 Articles

Medication Reminder Uses Only One Button

May 29, 2026 by 13 Comments

As anyone who takes medicines regularly will attest to, the days have a tendency to blur together, making it hard to remember if you did something like take that day’s dose or not. There are plenty of products available to help keep track of medication reminders but many are overly complicated, so [Jeroen] built this one which keeps simplicity and usability as its core design principle.

[Jeroen] calls it the MedMinder, and it’s a small, compact, rectangular device with a four-character display meant to sit on a countertop. When it’s time to take a medicine, the display will show that medicine’s four-letter code until the user pushes the single button under the display, signalling that they’ve taken their dose. If many different medications have to be taken at the same time, it displays the first priority until the button is pushed, and then displays whichever one is next after that.

Programming is a little less straightforward, as the medications need to be added to the source code and uploaded to the Arduino that sits at the center of this build, but with the source code available this isn’t too difficult for someone with minimal experience with microcontrollers.

In an idealized world, technology should make our lives simpler or easier, and this small device goes a long way towards helping with that goal. Especially for an important but mundane task that can be surprisingly easy to lose track of. Although we glossed over the accuracy of this device’s clock in this article, we do have a comprehensive guide for selecting the right real-time clock for microcontrollers like this.

How Pulse Oximetry Figures Out Your Blood Oxygen Levels

May 19, 2026 by 14 Comments

If you’ve ever had a medical team investigating cardiac issues, you’ve probably had a bunch of electrodes stuck all over your chest and been hooked up to an electrocardiogram. This is the gold standard when it comes to understanding electrical activity in the heart and can diagnose a great many conditions. However, sometimes doctors just need the basic information—your pulse rate, and whether or not there’s actually any oxygen in your blood.

Thankfully, there’s a cheap and simple device that can offer that exact information. It’s the pulse oximeter, and it’s a key piece of equipment that’s just about vital for monitoring vitals. Let’s learn how it works!

Continue reading “How Pulse Oximetry Figures Out Your Blood Oxygen Levels” →

Biofeedback Butterfly Beats With A Pulse

May 19, 2026 by 1 Comment

Biofeedback is the idea of making one conscious of a biological process or feature, and then using this to try and exert control over the very same. [Mariia Hruntes] demonstrates this ably with a fluttering build of her own design.

In this case, the biological process being made clear is that of the user’s heartbeat. This is tracked with a MAX30102 pulse oximetry sensor, which can be used to measure both heart rate and blood oxygen levels if so desired. It’s hooked up to an Arduino Uno, which polls for pulse rate data, and then actuates an SG90 micro servo in turn. This operates the wings of a 3D printed butterfly, such that they flap in pace with the wearer’s pulse. The goal is to observe this, and then try and calm one’s self to relax and slow the flapping through the power of the mind.

It’s a simple build, but one that clearly demonstrates the concepts of biofeedback in action. We’ve seen similar principles applied to everything from aiding sleep to improving the practice of mediation. If you’re working on your own neat biofeedback project, be sure to let us know on the tipsline.

Fluidic Contact Lens Treats Glaucoma

April 20, 2026 by 3 Comments

We’ve always been interested in fluidic computers, a technique that uses moving fluids to perform logic operations. Now, Spectrum reports that researchers have developed an electronics-free contact lens that monitors glaucoma and can even help treat it.

The lens is made entirely of polymer and features a microfluidic sensor that can monitor eye pressure in real time. It also has pressure-activated drug reservoirs that dispense medicine when pressure exceeds a fixed threshold. You can see Spectrum’s video on the device below.

This isn’t the first attempt to treat glaucoma, which affects more than 80 million people, with a contact lens. In 2016, Triggerfish took a similar approach, but it used electronic components in the lens, which poses problems for manufacturing and for people wearing them.

Naturally, the device depends on 3D printed molds to create channels and reservoirs in the lens. A special silk sponge in the reservoirs can absorb up to 2,700 times its weight. One sponge holds a red fluid that is forced by pressure into a serpentine microchannel. A phone app uses a neural network to convert the image of the red fluid into a pressure reading.

Two more sponges hold drugs that release at a given pressure determined by the width of the associated microchannel. This allows the possibility of increasing the dose at a higher pressure or even delivering two drugs at different pressure levels.

It is fairly hard to hack your own contact lenses, although we’ve seen it at least once. But smart contacts are not as rare as you might think.

Continue reading “Fluidic Contact Lens Treats Glaucoma” →

Emergency Bolt-Action Launcher For EpiPens

April 16, 2026 by 32 Comments

Imagine you and your friend are enjoying a nice sunny day, and BAM — they start to have a severe allergic reaction to who knows what. You have an EpiPen, but your friend is on the other side of a field! The solution? Obviously [Emily The Engineer] has only one option: build an entire EpiPen launcher!

Starting off the life-saving project, [Emily] prototyped with a 3D printed blank and a simple solenoid-controlled glorified potato cannon. This proved effective, as one would expect of such a project after successful tests on a human subject. However, there was one simple problem: what if you missed your initial shot?

To ensure no possible failed missions, a bolt-action magazine was retrofitted onto the device. Additionally, an air compressor placed in a mobile backpack carrier allows for repeated mobile use. Official testing was done on ballistic gel before a “war game” scenario played out involving an anaphylactic friend. As one would assume, this went perfectly, ignoring the time delay of having to wait for the compressor to build up enough pressure…

Anyways, even if you won’t be using this EpiPen launcher anytime soon, there are some actual DIY medical miracles you can look into! Something that’s a tad less insane to hack together than an EpiPen gun would be a splint. That is exactly what you can learn about here!

Continue reading “Emergency Bolt-Action Launcher For EpiPens” →

Bacteria Marching To The Beat Of A Tiny Drum

April 10, 2026 by 30 Comments

Traditionally, identifying a bacterium requires peering through a microscope. Researchers from TU Delft want to trade your eyes for your ears when identifying bacteria. This is possible because they’ve crafted nanoscale drums that convert bacteria’s movement into sound.

The technique originated when Delft researchers noticed something odd. If a living bacterium were on a graphene sheet, it would beat a distinctive pattern that you can detect with a laser. Each drumhead consists of two graphene sheets laid over an 8-micrometer-wide cavity. The sheets are less than a nanometer thick.

The sounds are due to the subtle motion of the tiny lifeform. Scientists have known about these motions, but previously had to measure them en masse. The tiny drums can respond to a single organism, typically about 1 to 10 micrometers in size.

Graphene makes this sensor possible because it is thin enough to behave like a drum with such a tiny force, yet also strong enough to support the bacterium. At first, the technique was simply to determine if antibiotics were killing the bacteria. However, they found that specific bacteria produced audio with unique spectrograms.

It is foolproof, but machine language models can identify among three common bacteria with nearly 90% accuracy. The next step is to reduce the high-tech research setup to something practical for a hospital or doctor’s office. Early prototypes are now in use in two hospitals.

We’ve seen the benefits of automated microscopes that can detect a particular disease. This technology, refined, could go even further.

Figure 1 from the paper: the apparatus and a disintegration fingerprint.

IDing Counterfeit Drugs Might Be Easier Than You Think

March 22, 2026 by 34 Comments

Odds are, you’ve taken pills before; it’s a statistical certainty that some of you reading this took several this morning. Whenever you do, you’re at the mercy of the manufacturer: you’re trusting that they’ve put in the specific active ingredients in the dosage listed on the package. Alas, given the world we live in, that doesn’t always happen. Double-checking actual concentrations requires expensive lab equipment like gas chromatography. It turns out checking for counterfeit pills is easier than you’d think, thanks to a technique called Disintegration Fingerprinting.

Continue reading “IDing Counterfeit Drugs Might Be Easier Than You Think” →