Punch Card Controlled Cyberdeck Lives In 80s Toy

July 19, 2025 by 10 Comments

Have you ever seen a toy and said “That wants to be a deck”? [Attoparsec] did, when his eyes fell upon the Little Talking Scholar, a punch card driven toy from the 1980s. It’s now a punch card driven cyberdeck.

The punch card interface on the toy is only six bits, but sixty-four application cards are probably more than parents would have wanted to keep track of in 1989. Originally, they cued up simple matching games on an anonymous epoxy-coated microprocessor; after [Attoparsec]’s surgery, they do the same thing, cuing up custom Python applications on the Raspberry Pi Zero he’s implanted into this thing.

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Elegoo Rapid PETG Vs PETG Pro: Same Price, Similar Specs, Which To Buy?

July 19, 2025 by 14 Comments

Even within a single type of FDM filament there is an overwhelming amount of choice. Take for example Elegoo’s PETG filament offerings, which include such varieties like ‘Pro’ and ‘Rapid’. Both cost the same, but is there a reason to prefer one over the other, perhaps even just for specific applications? To test this, [Dr. Igor Gaspar] over at the My Tech Fun YouTube channel bought some spools of these two filaments and subjected both to a series of tests.

Obviously, the Rapid filament is rated for higher extrusion speeds – <270 vs <600 mm/s – while the website claims a higher required nozzle temperature that confusingly does not match those listed on the spool. There are quite a few differences in the listed specifications, including the physical and mechanical properties, which make it hard to draw any immediate conclusions. Could you perhaps just use Rapid PETG and forget about the Pro version?

Test objects were printed with a Bambu Lab P1P with an AMS unit. After calibrating the ideal temperature for each filament, a tensile break test gave a win to the Rapid PETG, followed by a layer adhesion test win. This pattern continued across further tests, with Rapid PETG either matching or beating the Pro PETG.

There are only two advantages of the Pro version that can be seen here, which are less moisture sensitivity and  stringing risk, and you of course get the luxury cardboard spool with the closed edges. Whether that’s enough to make you go ‘Pro’ remains to be seen, of course.

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Neon Lamp Detects Lightning Strikes

July 19, 2025 by 15 Comments

For as mysterious, fascinating, and beautiful as lightning is at a distance, it’s not exactly a peaceful phenomenon up close. Not many things are built to withstand millions of volts and tens to hundreds of thousands of amps. Unsurprisingly, there’s a huge amount of effort put into lightning protection systems for equipment and resources that need to be outside where thunderstorms sometimes happen. Although most of us won’t be building personal substations, church steeples, or city-scale water towers in our backyards, we might have a few radio antennas up in the air, so it’s a good idea to have some lightning protection and possibly an alert system like [Joe] built.

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A photo of the circuitry in its case

GarageMinder: Automatic Garage Door

July 19, 2025 by 12 Comments

After getting a new car, [Solo Pilot] missed the automatic garage door opening and closing system their old car had. So they set about building their own, called GarageMinder. On the project page you will find a bill of materials, schematics, and some notes about the approach taken in various versions of the software. [Solo Pilot] also made the software available.

The basic hardware centers around a Raspberry Pi Zero W, but there are plans to switch to an ESP32. From the car side of things there are built-in continuous Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) advertisement broadcasts, which the Raspberry Pi can detect. Building a reliable system on top of these unreliable signals is difficult and you can read about some of the challenges and approaches that were taken during development. This is a work in progress and additional techniques and approaches are going to be trialed in future.

If you’re interested in Bluetooth garage door openers be sure to read about using a Bluetooth headset as a garage door opener for your Android device.

2025 One-Hertz Challenge: ZX Spectrum Is Now A Z80 Frequency Counter

July 18, 2025 by 1 Comment

The ZX Spectrum is perhaps most fondly remembered as a home computer and a games machine. [Tito] has grabbed the faithful black plastic box and turned it into a frequency counter as an innovative entry to our 2025 One Hertz Challenge.

The code was prepared in assembly using ZASM—a Z80 online assembler. It works in quite a simple manner. The code runs for one second at a time, counting rising edges on the EAR port of the ZX Spectrum. Those edges are added up to determine the frequency in question, and the job is done. [Tito] has tested the code and found it’s capable of reading frequencies up to 20 KHz. Since it runs on a one second period, it’s thus eligible for entry by meeting the requirements of the One Hertz Challenge. Code is available on Github for the curious.

The ZX Spectrum has a clock speed of 3.5 MHz, meaning it’s not exactly the tool of choice if you’re reading faster signals. We’ve seen similar done before. In any case, this project was a great way to exercise assembly coding skills and to bust out some classic Speccy hardware—and that’s always a good time. If you’ve got your own retrocomputer hacks brewing up in the lab, don’t hesitate to let us know!

2025 Hackaday One Hertz Challenge
Before Macintosh banner with stylized pixelated picture of one

Before Macintosh: The Story Of The Apple Lisa

July 18, 2025 by 14 Comments

Film maker [David Greelish] wrote in to let us know about his recent documentary: Before Macintosh: The Apple Lisa.

The documentary covers the life of the Apple Lisa. It starts with the genesis of the Lisa Project at Apple, covering its creation, then its marketing, and finally its cancellation. It then discusses the Apple Lisa after Apple, when it became a collectible. Finally the film examines the legacy of the Apple Lisa, today.

The Apple Lisa was an important step on the journey to graphical user interfaces which was a paradigm that was shifting in the early 1980s, contemporary with the Macintosh and the work at Palo Alto. The mouse. Bitmapped graphics. Friendly error messages. These were the innovations of the day.

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A photo of a fully assembled PVCSub.

PVCSub: A Submarine From The Plumbing Aisle

July 18, 2025 by 11 Comments

Today in the submersibles department our hacker [Rupin Chheda] wrote in to tell us about their submarine project.

This sub is made from a few lengths of PVC piping of various diameters. There is an inflation system comprised of a solenoid and a pump, and a deflation system, also comprised of a solenoid and a pump. The inflation and deflation systems are used to flood or evacuate the ballast which controls depth. There are three pumps for propulsion and steering, one central pump for propulsion and two side pumps for directional control, allowing for steering through differential thrust. Power and control is external and provided via CAT6 cable.

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