Newton’s Cradle Isn’t Really Perpetual

July 13, 2026 by 10 Comments

If any astute Hackaday reader saw [dongvua90]’s Newton’s cradle go on without human intervention all day long, they’d probably suspect the truth: there’s a battery and a magnet involved. But it is a nice desk piece, and you might be able to fool your less enlightened friends that you’ve discovered perpetual motion. Watch the resulting faux perpetual motion machine in action in the video below.

The trick is to sense the ball’s travel and inject a little electromagnetic pulse at just the right time. No problem for an ESP32 and a proximity sensor like the ones you find on some 3D printers. In fact, there’s very little custom circuitry. Everything is a module, and even the Newton’s cradle is cut out of a premade toy. A printed case and some software are really the heart of the design.

We can imagine this might be an interesting science demonstrator. Show the class the cradle with the electronics turned off, then subtly turn it on and ask the class what changed. You could even make the point by having students do it normally, while only you can get it to keep going forever, and challenge them to deduce what’s going on.

You might correctly imagine that this isn’t the first one of these we’ve seen. You can also build one that is sort of simulated.

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CGI Motion Capture With Only A Camera

July 12, 2026 by 3 Comments

Computer-generated imagery (CGI) has largely replaced physical models in major film productions these days, but the transition didn’t exactly happen overnight. For a time there was an effort to blend the physical and digital, which allowed animators on productions such as Jurassic Park to work with newer technology in a way they were familiar with. [Corridor Crew] took this concept a step further by manipulating digital models with nothing but a webcam.

Early in the production of CGI, animators found a purely digital workflow to be less intuitive than the use of physical elements such as puppets. Feeling the weight and touch of a miniature with joints and limbs made for a more natural animation, so they created the dinosaur input device to map movements of a physical model into a digital recreation.

Puppeteered humanoid input device for the film Species

Unfortunately for the future of dinosaurs made of motion sensors, none of these devices really caught on and the technology is essentially non-existent today. [Corridor Crew] decided to give the concept another chance with the application of newer motion capture research. Using just a camera and a small human miniature allowed for full animations to be made using one’s own hands. The motion capture plugin can be found here if you want to try it for yourself!

At the end of the day, the need for a stop motion intermediate was found to be unnecessary. That being said, there is some really cool tech discovered throughout its history. If you want to discover even more film tech, maybe try out an adventure making your own film camera!

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Musing On AI From 1964

July 12, 2026 by 33 Comments

[Irving John Good] was at Trinity College, Oxford back in 1964. His paper, “Speculations Concerning the First Ultraintelligent Machine” could have been a topic for today, as we deal with machines that aren’t really ultraintelligent, but appear smart and think they are even smarter. He starts off with a bold thesis: “The survival of man depends on the early construction of an ultraintelligent machine.”

He also admits that we’ll need to understand more about the human brain and human thought to make a breakthrough. This is still true today. However, we still don’t fully understand how our brains work, but it seems unlikely that we are just super-large LLMs. Not that [Good] anticipated the modern chatbot. Perhaps his comments will apply more to a future AI software that actually thinks like a human, if there will ever be such a thing.

Then again, there are many parallels. One theme in the paper is that a smart machine will design a smarter machine. Unless, of course, it is afraid of being replaced. If a machine were actually sentient, what are the ethics of turning it off and tearing it apart?

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Hackaday Links: July 12, 2026

July 12, 2026 by 13 Comments

Although we’d rather bring you news of clever modifications and repairs down on the farm, more often than not, the name “John Deere” has appeared on the pages of Hackaday because of their opposition to farmers actually being able to work on the machines their livelihoods depend on. But thanks to a settlement reached between the company and the Federal Trade Commission this week, farmers seem to have been handed a much-needed win in the Right to Repair battle.

When a lawsuit against a company ends in a settlement, it usually means spending money they would rather pay than go to court. Indeed, earlier cases against John Deere have resulted in plenty of checks being written. But this time around, the FTC agreement requires Deere to make its diagnostic and repair software available to owners and independent shops. It also has a clause that prevents them from retaliating against owners who want to handle their own repairs rather than going through the company’s official service channels — hard to believe that’s something that actually needs to be specified, but it does give you a hint as to just how bad the situation has been. We’ll definitely be keeping an eye on this story.

Sounds like the Feds were busy this week, as the Federal Communications Commission also gave the green light to Reflect Orbital to launch a prototype satellite for their controversial “sunlight as a service” concept. The company plans to put the spacecraft into a roughly 600 km orbit around the planet, where it will deploy its 324-square-meter reflector and angle itself to illuminate a spot on the ground. It might sound like something a Bond villain would come up with, but Reflect Orbital says the capability will be used to beam sunlight directly onto solar panels at night and to provide light for search-and-rescue operations.

As you might expect, providing such a service on a global scale would require many such reflectors, which is where the concern really comes in. Critics note that a sky full of literal mirrors can cause all sorts of issues, ranging from the scientific to the scenic. The American Astronomical Society points out that each satellite in the constellation could appear to be four times as bright as the full Moon, and that it’s possible an amateur sky watcher could get an eyeball full of redirected sunlight should one of them unexpectedly zip past the aperture of their backyard telescope.

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Porting The Nvidia GPU Driver To Haiku For 3D Acceleration

July 12, 2026 by 3 Comments

As good as a desktop OS may be, at some point it has to feature accelerated 3D graphics. This has been a bit of a sticking point for Haiku OS, as none of the big names in GPU cards are likely to start putting out drivers for this OS any time soon. Fortunately there is the Linux open source driver code from Nvidia that can be used as a jumping-off point for a port, which is what [X512] and the community over at the Haiku forums did over the course of more than a year.

In a recent video [Action Retro] takes a poke at the fruits of these efforts, trying out the driver with an RTX2070 Super GPU. Of note is that this driver requires the GSP (GPU System Processor) controller that got added by Nvidia with the Turing series of GPUs, meaning that you need at least a GTX16 or RTX20 series card.

You can get an installation package from the GitHub repository, such as for the v0.0.2 pre-release that was created in January of 2026. In this pre-release state quite a few things are working, with the ability to play 3D games at a reasonable FPS being the biggest improvement over plain VESA mode. Features like CUDA are not available as they’re not in the open sourced section, of course.

In the [Action Retro] video the whole installation process is demonstrated, starting with a fresh nightly Haiku build. First the gaming performance in software-rendered VESA mode is demonstrated before the GPU driver is installed. This shows a marked improvement in performance, although Minecraft needs to be updated for the newest Mesa library that omits OSMesa, so that couldn’t be tested. Overall it shows that Haiku has made another massive leap forward in becoming a viable daily driver OS.

Meanwhile, over on the ReactOS side of things we just saw a Half-Life 2 playthrough by [Aotori Hibiki], on an Intel Sandy Bridge PC with GeForce 8400GS graphics. Here ReactOS has the advantage of being Windows NT-compatible, including WDDM-style GPU drivers, allowing it to use the same drivers as Windows. Simultaneously, ReactOS is now implementing its first NT6 kernel API calls to make it compatible with modern  (Vista+) Windows.

The upshot here is that for people who want to daily drive an open source OS with all the creature comforts imaginable, things have never seemed more promising. Especially for people who don’t want Yet Another Linux Distro but just an utterly boring desktop-centric, single-user focused OS that Just Works™ these are great tidings.

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Building A Better CNC Hot Wire Foam Cutter

July 12, 2026 by 13 Comments

Cutting foam with a hot wire is a common technique to shape foam in a wide variety of shapes. If you want to cut something detailed and precise, like an airfoil, you probably want to use a computer-controlled cutting tool. Here [Michael Rechtin] has been working on creating a very versatile DIY CNC hot wire cutter, with the results recently announced in a video, along with the GitHub project repository if you want to give it a shake yourself.

Key in hot wire foam cutting is getting the nickel-chromium wire hot enough to gently slice through the foam rather than annihilating it or having the wire encounter significant resistance. For an automated cutter it either needs to be able to adjust the current on the fly, or have a predetermined optimal current for the cutting speed.

The machine itself is a 4-axis system, allowing the wire to be moved just about any way in between the two sides. It uses typical NEMA 17 stepper motors, along with other components that you’d find on a 3D printer. The same is true for the control board that processes the g-code from the software.

The unique part is the pulley-based mechanism that tensions the cutting wire, along with the way that the current gets passed through the wire, which uses MIG welding tips rather than just some alligator clips, which would probably also have worked but not looked as nice.

There are a few 3D-printed parts for which the STLs are provided, and the design is such that the entire assembly can be fairly easily collapsed into a compact shape that’s much easier to store if you’re not cutting foam every single day. For [Michael] cutting airfoils is the main use, for which you got a few software packages that are mentioned in the video.

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Speak Silently With An Ultrasound Probe

July 12, 2026 by 13 Comments

Speaking is much faster than typing, and while it’s an increasingly convenient way to interact with computers, it’s hardly private. Providing speech privacy in a way we haven’t seen before is this prototype tongue-reading system that uses machine learning and ultrasound to read tongue movements and turn them into decoded speech. Not only can a user speak without emitting a sound, since it doesn’t read sound waves it’s completely immune to noisy environments.

Tongues are a far richer source of speech data than reading lip and mouth movements.

It turns out that tongue movements are a very rich source of information about speech, and an ultrasound probe under the chin takes very clear video of a tongue. With a dataset consisting of only around 50 hours of training data, the system has a 15.6% error rate and generalizes across different speakers (as long as they speak with similar accents).

That error rate may seem high at first glance, but keep in mind this is for a prototype system built in a month around a relatively small training dataset. All indications are that better results are just a matter of better training.

Probably the biggest drawback at the moment is the size of the ultrasound probe and the way it must be held under one’s chin like a contact microphone, but at the moment the probe is an off-the-shelf model that is hardly optimized for either size, weight, or wearability. If the system seems promising enough, a probe resembling an adhesive patch might even be possible.

It’s certainly a different approach from others we’ve seen in the past, including whispering while inhaling and reading lip and mouth movements.