A Full Motion Video Codec For The Atari ST

August 4, 2026 by Tyler August 6 Comments

Who says an old dog can’t do new tricks? The Atari ST has got to qualify as an “old dog” 41 years after launch, and if playing Full Motion Video (FMV) cutscenes– from DOS games of a decade later– doesn’t count as a new trick, we’re not sure what does. In this case, [Jonas Eschenburg] is the trainer and his fascinating write-up lets you know exactly how he did it.

Unlike the contemporary and pricier Amiga, Atari’s 68000-based home computer didn’t have any fancy graphics chips; everything has to go through the Motorolla CPU at a blistering 8MHz. Just porting classic DOS games like [Jonas Eschenburg] is doing with Command and Conquer— a title 10 years newer than the ST– is an amazing tour de force. Bringing the cutscenes along for the ride is just bonus, but what a bonus it is.

Granted, [Jonas] has to work within the Atari’s limitations, so it doesn’t quite look the same. The biggest limitation is of course the 16 colour planar graphics on the Atari, compared with 256 colours of chunky goodness that VGA offered. [Jonas] admits that getting good palettes to minimize artifacting is a challenge. Interestingly he’s not showing quite so many blocking artifacts we would expect from the technique he is using: to take advantage of how the ST’s memory is laid out, he’s using a codebook-based codec that splits the image into easily-addressable blocks. Both the palette and the codebook must update continuously as the film plays but that’s still easier on the antique hardware than streaming raw pixel data, which you cannot do. The whole article is absolutely worth a read, and the demo videos generously sprinkled through it are worth a look, too. We’ve included a demo of C&C‘s intro below. If you’re itching to play, the port is on Itch.io.

Speaking of DOS games, did you know the Atari ST can run doom? Multiple versions, even.

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Yellow YAG Produces Powerful Pulses In Les’ Leftover Laser

August 4, 2026 by Tyler August 7 Comments

[Les] likes lasing lasers, and who doesn’t? [Les] likes larger lasers than lots of folks, with his current project being an Nd:YAG (that’s Neodymium:Yttrium Aluminum Garnet) flash pumped laser intended for tattoo removal. Like most of its ilk, the YAG crystal at the heart of that device is a rosy purple color, so when [Les] spotted a Yellow YAG with different doping promising powerful pulses, he purchased it promptly.

Specifically, the retailer was claiming a 30-50% efficiency increase for this yellow rod, thanks to cerium doping. It’s still considered an Nd:YAG, though you can label it as an Nd:Ce:YAG for clarity. The efficiency gain comes from the cerium atom taking unused energy from the flashbulb pulse — which is much broader-wavelength than the thin absorption line of the Nd ions in the rod — and giving that energy to the Nd atoms that do the lasing via fluorescence. He doesn’t try it, but reports on a paper showing these crystals can actually lase with reasonable efficiency from sunlight alone, which we’d love to see. Send us a tip if you try.

His original Nd:YAG rod produced 72.8 mJ pulses, while in the same setup with the yellow laser is peaking at 153 mJ, more than double the original output. That’s even better than the 30-50% [Les] expected, but he reckons it is because the old YAG is, well, old. The coatings break down over time, and UV light from the flashbulbs degrades the crystals too. That’s another benefit of tossing cerium in there, as apparently it acts as sunscreen for your laser rod. It lasts longer and works better, making it a no-brainer of an upgrade.

We’ve seen [Les]’s laser-based hacking before, like this diode-laser PSU and we’re always glad to take a look with our remaining eye. We also featured his tattoo removal laser back when he started working on it, along with less-lasery projects like his crystal-growing rig.

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New File Manager Is C64’s Answer To Norton Commander

August 3, 2026 by Tyler August 17 Comments

Norton was always a PC company — Norton Commander, the file manager that launched a thousand clones, was only ever available for DOS, like the rest of the company’s offerings in those days. If they’d decided to port it to the C64, though, it would likely look a lot like [retro3872809] aka [Chicken 64]’s Multi Floppy Commander with Turbo, available on GitLab.

As you might be able to see on the screen shot above or in the demo video below, the application provides an 80-column interface with a split view to show a pair of floppies side-by-side. Not that you’re limited to two floppies, however. The software is happy to swap between all the drives on the bus, to the C64’s maximum of four. All four drives will be usable since the file manager lives on a cartridge.

All drive models are supported, though not all have turbo. As a file manager, it looks like it has the normal functionality you’d expect: renaming, copying, moving and deleting files and directories. You can also launch programs or print disk listings, assuming you have a printer attached to your Commodore.

Said Commodore perhaps needn’t be vintage, as they’re selling new ones again, but if you want a disk drive you may have to fix it yourself.

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UV Printer? 3D Printer? HeyGears Says “Why Not Both”?

August 1, 2026 by Tyler August 14 Comments

There’s a new contender in the prosumer UV printer world up on Kickstarter, the HeyGears G1. This one’s particularly interesting as they’re explicitly marketing it as being able to produce full-color 3D prints along with the “print-on-anything” functionality we’ve come to expect from a UV flatbed printer.

You get two choices of bed, with the larger being 420 mm x 320 mm x 130 mm. Hardly the largest build volume we’ve seen around here. You can fill that with up to 6 KG of UV ink/resin from its Epson-brand head in glorious full color and layers as small as 10 um. The ink isn’t super cheap — the CMYK kit looks to MRSP at 189 USD — but you aren’t locked in to expensive cartridges at least. HayGears sells ink in bottles, and you’re free to grab any other brand’s bottles if you want to risk it.

The Kickstarter is ongoing, and it will be some time before backers get their printers. But we can report that the early review copies, like the one [Steve Makes Everything] got for the video embedded below, seem to live up to the manufacturer’s claims, which is promising indeed. Certainly the idea of SLA quality without the mess is very appealing to many — though the super-early-bird price of two grand on Kickstarter and the doubtless higher MRSP may temper some of that interest.

If you’re curious about this UV printer business and why a maker might want one that doesn’t do 3D, our own [Tom Nardi] went hands-on with the EufyMake E1 last year.

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Stewart Platform Walker Gains Feeling In Legs From Resistors

August 1, 2026 by Tyler August 3 Comments

Stewy is a very interesting robot, with some slightly odd kinematics. Its head is a Stewart platform, which is a common-enough 6-DOF actuated plate normally used with a fixed base. By connecting legs to the same servos running the Stewart platform, [JD] turned it into an adorable hexapod walker. The walker had a problem, though: it can’t feel its feet, and [JD] thinks that would make it much more mobile on uneven surfaces. So he got some resistors to turn the cheap servos in its legs into force-sensing actuators.

Well, almost. He’s not actually putting strain gauges or anything like that into the legs; he’s just measuring the voltage drop across a resistor in series with the servos. Since the motors draw more current the more torque they’re putting out, he has a very quick and easy way to sense the current and thus the torque using good old Ohm’s law and an analog input on the microcontroller driving the robot. It’s a simple hack, but the data he’s getting is surprisingly good for how much work it is to add to a robot, as you can see in the video — at least once he slowed down the servos a touch.

Perhaps this isn’t a ground-breaking innovation, but [JD] does a very good idea explaining it. Of course if you want to use resistors to sense force directly, force-sensitive resistors are a thing that we’ve seen in everything from Twister-mat MIDI controllers to self-leveling 3D printers.

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Rebuilding An Obsolete IC To Save A Betacam SP Tapedeck

July 30, 2026 by Tyler August 8 Comments

Betacam is not the Betamax you may have had at home– it was a professional format that lived on into the 21st century, in the “SP” form. In many places, it would have been the last tape format in use. So it is perhaps understandable that [ldursw] decided to recreate an obsolete and unobtainable IC to save a Sony broadcast-grade editing Video Tape Recorder (VTR). Still mad, perhaps, but in a way we very much appreciate.

The Sony BVW-75 VTR had an odd flaw where the output lacked colour, unless paused with dynamic tracking off. Then colour would appear, but only in odd stripes. Clearly the chroma circuit was at fault. Some sluthing found that a sync separator IC– that separates the sync pulses that keep everything moving together, if the name didn’t give it away– wasn’t behaving correctly. More sluthing found that the chip in question was no longer available. Luckily, the concept of a sync separator hasn’t quite given up the ghost, and another part was available. It just didn’t fit, used a different voltage, and had an inverted output. No biggie! [ldursw] added a voltage regulator, an inverter, and a video amplifier chip, then after breadboard testing put them on a PCB with pins that match the original IC’s form-factor, making it a plug-in replacement.

That’s a GitHub link at the start of this article, by the way, so he’s open sourced the solution for anyone who needs a Toshiba TA7357P video sync separator. We don’t know who else needs this, but we’re willing to bet that whoever does, really needs it. On behalf of whoever that might be, we offer sincere thanks to [ldursw] for the hack, and for submitting it to our tips line.

This reminds us a little bit of a tape deck repair we featured previously, reviving another Sony format– D-1 tapes–to archive old media.

Pizza Eye Surgery Saves Hemispherical Projector

July 30, 2026 by Tyler August 15 Comments

If you ever make it to DNA Pizza in San Francisco, you may feel as though you’re being watched. The Eye of the Pizza is Upon You. Or, it was, until the out-of-production and now very expensive spherical projector gave up the ghost during a power outage. It’s back, though! Thanks to proprietor [Jamie Zawinski] and some cheap, absolutely-not-supposed-to-be-in-there replacement parts.

The saga started long ago, back in 2017, when [Jamie] got ahold of a Gekkin WorldEye hemispherical projector. It looks like those were meant for the educational market, to show planets and the like, but [Jamie] instead put a big eye on it, thanks in part to work by [PaintYourDragon]. It looked great, as you can see from the demo video embedded below. There it sat, staring down patrons for nine long years, until the power company did what is known in the business as “an oopsie” and turned the WorldEye into an expensive paperweight.

Not to be deterred, [Jamie] got the cheapest projector he could find and an equally-bargain-bin fisheye lens originally meant for macro photography, and mashed them into the Gekkin case without a care for such fripperies as focal length. A little surgery later, and as [Jamie] puts it, “The Eye of Pizza is, Once Again, Upon You”. In spite of the projector being 16:9, thus not quite projecting across the whole surface of the dome and the image fuzzing a touch at the edges, the result works far better than it should for the amount of engineering that went into it. [Jamie] expects further improvements can come from tweaking the image on the software side, but it looks like the current iteration is good enough for pizza parlor decor.

We’ve featured another of [Jamie]’s hacks before, when he built a Linux payphone. Weirdly enough, this isn’t the first time the WorldEye has received a projector transplant around here.

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